#DETERMINATION OF PARTITION COEFFICIENT OF BENZOICACID ACID BETWEEN OIL AND WATER

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Aim:
 To determine the partition coefficient of benzoic acid between oil and water.
Apparatus:
    Separating funnel, burette, pipette, conical flask, Beaker.
Chemicals used:
    0.1N NaOH solution, potassium hydrogen phthalate, benzoic acid, peanut (or) arachis oil, water, phenolphthalein indicator.

Theory:
         Nernst distribution law states that when added substance is insufficient to saturate immiscible liquids the solute distributes between liquids. In such a way that at equilibrium the ratio of concentration of the solute on the two liquids is constant at constant temperature partition coefficient may be defined as the ratio of solute in organic phase to that of aqueous phase.IfC0 and are CW equilibrium concentration of substance in organic phase and aqueous phase respectively then the expression of
                                             Kd = C0/CW

Where the equilibrium constant kdis called partition coefficient 
This equation also called distribution law.

Procedure:
Take 30ml of oil to this add 1gm of benzoic acid and add 30ml of water. Shake contents of separating funnel for 30 minutes then separate aqueous and oil layer and titrate with 0.1N NaOH solution respectively. calculate  the benzoic acid in aqueous and oil phase and calculate partition coefficient from formulae          

                                                   Kd = C0/CW
  
Observations:

Standardization of 0.1N NaOH:

Contents in the conical flask
Burette readings

Volume consumed
Initial(ml)
Final(ml)
0.2 g of PHP + 10ml of water  + 2 drops of phenolpthalein


  0


1ml of 0.1 N NaoH ≡ 0.2042 g of  PHP
-------ml of NaoH ≡ 0.2042 g of  PHP
 
 Determination of benzoic acid in aqueous layer:

Contents in the conical flask
Burette readings

Volume consumed
Initial(ml)
Final(ml)
5ml of aqueous titrate + 2 drops of phenolpthalein indicator.


  0





1ml of 0.1 N NaoH ≡ 0.0122 g of  Benzoic acid
-------ml of ----- N NaoH ≡ ------g of  Benzoic acid

                                                                                                    

Determination of benzoic acid in organic layer :
Contents in the conical flask
Burette readings

Volume consumed
Initial(ml)
Final(ml)
5ml of aqueous titrate + 2 drops of phenolpthalein indicator.


  0





1ml of 0.1 N NaoH ≡ 0.0122g of  Benzoic acid
-------ml of ----- N NaoH ≡ ------g of  Benzoic acid
                                                                                      


Report: The partition coefficient of benzoic acid in oil and water was found to be  -------- gm
& -------gm
Then Kd = C0/CW = ------



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